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1/
What is phonetics ?
phonetics is the scientific study of phones(sounds).
2/
What is acoustic phonetics ?
Acoustic is the physical description of sounds.
3/What
is articulatory phonetics?
It is the study of how to articulate the organs of
speech in order to speak.
4/
In which case can we pronounce (r) or can
not ?
5/
What is the relation between letter and sound
in Arabic ?
It is reciprocal and bilateral .
6/
What is the relation between letter and sound
in English
?
It is a different reality , because the relation is
"ad hoc
" that means
there is no rule we can follow .
7/ What is the difference between Arabic and English?
1- spelling and writing .
2- intonation .
3- stress .
8/
What is a syllable ?
It is a part of the word which is determined (case)
by
respiratory pulse .
?
9/
In which case can we find stress
When
we have a word of two syllables or more .
10/
What is the meaning of stress ?
The syllable on which we have emphasis .
11/
Is stress obligatory in English ?
Yes, when a word has 2 syllables or more .
12/
What is a loud sound
?
Is the result of the loud(high) air pressure .
13/
What is voice ?
Voice is the result of the movement (vibrations)of
the vocal cords (vocal folds).
14/
What is the link between voice and stress
?
Stress is translated by voice.
(voice is one of the three ways to render stress ).
15/
How do the vocal cords produce voice ?
By explosions . (vibrations of the vocal cords)
16/
How can we change voice ?
If the time between the explosions is very short
voice will be low , and if the explosions are rapid
(fast) voice will be high .
17/
What is continuous sounds ?
It is a result of thousands of explosions in one
second .
18/
What is speech?
It is modification (change) of the air by movement
of the organs of speech .
19/
What is the equivalent of loudness for the
speaker?
High or low air pressure .
20/ Who is concerned by loudness?
The listener .
21/
Who is concerned by air pressure?
The speaker .
22/
What is tone ?
Variation of speed of the vocal cords .
23/
How can we make (produce) tone ?
By changing the speed of the vocal cords .
24/
What is the link between tone and stress
?
stress is variation between high or low tone .
26/
who is concerned by pitch
(tone)?
the hearer .
28/
what is rule exception of stress ?
ous , eous , ic , tion , ity and sion .
29/
what is the name of (
)?
Schwa .
The syllable
30/What is a sound ?
It is the result of the air movement from lungs to
the oral
or nasal cavity.
.
31/How do pronounce
(L) in English ?
First, clear (
) in initial and medial position (low, light,
look, late).
Second, dark (
) in final positions (small).
Third, lateral fricative (
) after plosive in initial position
(p
lay)
33/ What is a vowel ?
A sound which is produced with free movement of air
without any obstruction or obstacle in the
oral cavity.
34/What
is a consonant ?
A sound which is produced when the organs of speech
come close together or touch( in contact).
35/What
is the relation between sound and letter
in English ?
No relation between them. And if the have relation
it will
be multiple .
36/What is assimilation ?
It is a process by which two sounds merge in order
to form
or give a third one .
37/What
is role of velum ?
If the velum rise the sound going out from oral
cavity and if
the velum close the oral cavity the sound going out
from nasal cavity.
Assimilation
37/give the phonetic results of the following
combinations
and
example ?
(sounds not letters)
( t + j )
-
( d + j )
-
( s + j )
-
( z + j
)
*( t + j ) = (
)
- last year =
, meat you =
*( d + j ) = (
)
- I need you =
*( s + j ) = (
)
-
I miss you =
*( z + j ) = (
)
- he needs you =
, he sees you =
/What is a gemination?
38
(It is a part of assimilation) when be have two
sounds combined
to give the second one with stress on it
Gemination
*the first sound will not be released .
Plosive 1 +
plosive 2
= plosive 2 with stress
p
p
t
t
k
k
b
b
d
d
g
g
*examples:
Good +
boy
= goo'boy
Good + place = goo'place
Good +
day
= goo'day
Good +
goal =
goo'goal
Good +
try
=
goo'try
Last
+
day
= las'day
Sick +
person= sic'person
*( d + b ) = (b) with stress.
- good boy .
*(d + m ) = (m) with stress.
- good morning .
** Definitions:
- Voiced sound : sound produced (with)
as a result of the
movements of the vocal cords.
-Voiceless :
sound produced without the movements of the
vocal cords .
-
Voiceless consonant :
A sound which is produced
when the organs of speech come close together
or touch
without
the movements of the vocal cords .
- Voiceless plosive : air comes from the
lungs and produce
sound without movement of the vocal cords .
- Manner of articulation : is a way of going
out of the air.
- Place of articulation: when organs of
speech come together
like (lips or tongue with alveolar ridge).
- Phonetics symbol : is a symbol that is
regard sound and
always between blanks
e.g : { j }, { s }.